Astrocyte-induced firing in primary afferent axons
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The large-caliber primary afferents innervating the spindles of the jaw-closing muscles have their cell bodies located centrally in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (NVmes). We have shown, in an acid-induced jaw muscle chronic myalgia model, that these afferents exhibit increased excitability and ectopic discharges that emerge from subthreshold membrane oscillations (SMOs) supported by a persistent sodium current ( I NaP ) exquisitely sensitive to extracellular Ca 2+ -decreases. Here, we explore if the Ca 2+ -binding astrocytic protein, S100β, contributes to this hyperexcitability emergence and aim to localize the site where ectopic discharge arises using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings on mice brain slices. We found that astrocytes, by lowering [Ca 2+ ] e at focal points along the axons of NVmes neurons through S100β, enhance the amplitude of the Na V 1.6-dependent SMOs, leading to ectopic firing. These findings suggest a crucial role for astrocytes in excitability regulation and raise questions about this neuron-astrocyte interaction as a key contributor to hyperexcitability in several pathologies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".