Prenatal exposure to solvents and fetal outcomes in a Canadian pregnancy cohort
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) are established developmental toxicants; however, epidemiological data are lacking. We quantified associations between urinary NEP and NMP metabolites concentrations and pregnancy outcomes in participants enrolled in the pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals study (n = 1865) (2008-2011). Using discrete time survival analysis and logistic regression, we calculated the odds of preterm birth (PTB) and fetal loss. We used multivariable linear regression to quantify associations between metabolites and birth weight z-scores. Participants with quantifiable concentrations of the NEP metabolite 5-hydroxy-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (5-HNEP) had a 41% increased odds of PTB (95% CI: 0.92-2.17). An interquartile range increase in concentrations of the NMP metabolite 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (5-HNMP) was associated with a reduced odds of fetal loss (OR = 0.51 95% CI: 0.30,0.89). All other effect estimates were centered around the null value. We report widespread, low-level exposure to NMP metabolites yet no evidence of adverse effects on fetal health. Our analysis of fetal loss was most likely subject to selection bias resulting from conditioning on pregnancies with available first trimester urine samples Our finding that 5-HNEP exposure may increase risk of preterm birth provides impetus for further biomonitoring and etiological research in a pregnant population with contemporary NEP exposure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".