Immunological responses and clinical outcomes in dogs with osteosarcoma receiving standard therapy and a Listeria vaccine expressing HER2
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A clinical trial in dogs with spontaneous osteosarcoma was performed to assess a recombinant Listeria expressing a chimeric human HER2 (ADXS31-164 c ) as an adjunctive vaccine strategy to prevent metastatic disease and determine immunological correlates of clinical outcome. A total of 118 dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma were recruited into a 1-arm, multicenter, prospective trial of standard of care (SOC) therapy followed by ADXS31-164 c . ADXS31-164 c was well tolerated, with mostly transient, low-grade side effects. Significant differences in median disease-free interval (DFI) or median overall survival (OS) of immunized dogs compared to a historical cohort of dogs receiving SOC only were not observed. Elite survivors (DFI >490 days) showed transient increases in temperature and serum cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, after the first immunization compared to short-term survivors (DFI 150–235 days). However, repeat immunizations in short-term survivors led to improved and comparable pyrexic and cytokine responses to elite survivors. PBMC transcriptomic analysis following vaccinations revealed robust cytotoxic activity in elite but not short-term survivors. Although ADXS31-164 c did not significantly extend DFI or OS, immune responses to ADXS31-164 c distinguished elite from short-term survivors. Improvement of immune responses over sequential ADXS31-164 c administrations supports a future trial design of recurrent immunizations to improve outcomes of otherwise short-term survivors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".