Vortex shedding from a yaw-oscillating circular cylinder in subcritical flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates vortex shedding characteristics from a circular cylinder subjected to yaw oscillations. The study considers two length-to-diameter ratios (13 and 20) and two Reynolds numbers (5×103 and 1.5×104). Yaw oscillations ranging from θ=0° to 30° are considered at various reduced frequencies from 0.25 to 4. Vortex shedding behavior at the mid-span of the cylinder is measured using hot-wire anemometry. Planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements at the mid-span are used to visualize the near wake. It is shown that an increase in the reduced frequency leads to a shift in the frequency range of vortex shedding toward lower values. Vortices are shed nearer to the base of the cylinder, and vortex shedding becomes more disorganized with increasing reduced frequency. Based on phase-averaged analysis of vortex shedding, the validity of the independence principle (IP) diminishes during the first half cycle beyond θ=15° at low reduced frequencies and beyond θ=20° at moderate reduced frequencies. In the return cycle, the deviation from the IP increases with increasing reduced frequency. The IP prediction is re-established at low yaw angles during the return cycle and for low reduced frequencies. Increasing the length-to-diameter ratio enhanced the organized vortex shedding and elevated the shedding frequency for both static and yaw-oscillating cylinders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".