Solid-particle erosion resistance of NbC-reinforced AlCrFeNi medium-entropy alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) containing passive elements, such as Al and Cr, exhibit good resistance to high-temperature oxidation due to the formation of protective Al 2 O 3 or Cr 2 O 3 oxide scales. The cost-effective AlCrFeNi alloys have demonstrated impressive mechanical properties, attracting considerable attention. In this study, NbC particles in various amounts (10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 wt%) were added to the AlCrFeNi alloy via arc melting to fabricate MEA-matrix composites. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and resistance of the NbC-added AlCrFeNi composites to air-jet sand erosion at both ambient temperature (20 °C) and elevated temperature (500 °C) were investigated. To better evaluate the NbC-AlCrFeNi composites, two commercial materials, high-Cr cast iron (HCCI) and Ni superalloy (Inconel HX), were also tested for comparison. The results demonstrated that the addition of NbC significantly enhanced the erosion resistance of the alloy. Samples containing 40–60 wt% NbC exhibited superior erosion resistance compared to the reference alloys at both 45° and 90° impact angles. The increased hardness, good toughness, and oxidation resistance of the NbC-added AlCrFeNi alloys contributed to their enhanced erosion resistance. This study highlights the potential of AlCrFeNi as a metal matrix for developing high-performance metal-matrix composites (MMCs). • AlCrFeNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA) samples with various NbC contents (10–60 wt%) were synthesized by arc melting. • The NbC addition considerably increased the hardness of the MEA; AlCrFeNi-60 vol%NbC shows the highest hardness about 68 HRC. • AlCrFeNi-NbC samples show higher erosion resistance than the HCCI and Ni-base superalloy at both room temperature and 500 °C. • Erosion at 45° impact angle involves ploughing and cutting; erosion at 90° impact angle involves more craters and platelets. • AlCrFeNi-30%NbC & AlCrFeNi-60%NbC show the highest resistance to 45°-impact erosion and vertical one at 500°C, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Bench or experimental | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Bench or experimental | low |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".