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Record W4407763366 · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2025.103241

Prevalence of oculomotor, binocular vision anomalies and refractive error among children with cerebral palsy in WHO South-East Asia: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis

2025· article· en· W4407763366 on OpenAlex
R P Radhika, Bhamini Krishna Rao, Shonraj Ballae Ganesh Rao, Nachiket Gudi, Shradha S. Parsekar, Revathy Mani

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueMethodsX · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicOphthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersManipal Academy of Higher Education
KeywordsMeta-analysisCerebral palsyRefractive errorOptometryProtocol (science)Binocular visionMedicineSystematic errorOphthalmologyArtificial intelligencePhysical medicine and rehabilitationComputer scienceEye diseasePathologyStatisticsMathematics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Introduction: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) may experience a variety of visual abnormalities, which might hamper their daily activities. Most physical therapy for the CP population focuses on visual aspects, which postpone rehabilitation outcomes. Considering the significance of vision to the CP community, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of the prevalence of ocular abnormalities such as oculomotor abnormalities, refractive errors, and binocular vision anomalies in children with Cerebral palsy in the absence of eye injury in WHO South-East Asia region. Methods & analysis: This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol are reported as per the PRISMA- P and MOOSE guidelines. A complete search strategy will be framed using MeSH terms and the opinion of the subject expert. A detailed search on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and CINHAL will be carried out to retract the data on the prevalence of visual problems in the CP population (age< 18 years), published in English between January 2010 and 2024. Covidence software will be used to manage data, screen records and extract the information. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be used to evaluate the listed studies quality and risk of bias. RevMan V.5 will be used to analyse the data.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.213
Threshold uncertainty score0.501

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0030.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.056
GPT teacher head0.423
Teacher spread0.367 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it