Evaluation of abdominal and lumbar multifidus muscles thickness and relation to endurance, pain, fatigue and functional mobility in patients with Fibromyalgia syndrome: a case-control study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of present study was to compare abdominal (transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO) and external oblique (EO)) and lumbar multifidus muscles (LM) evaluated with ultrasonographic (US) imaging in patients with FM (Fibromyalgia) and asymptomatic individuals and to examine the relationship between these muscle thickness and endurance, pain, fatigue and functional mobility. METHODS: Women with FM group (n: 53, age: 45.96 ± 9.96 years), and asymptomatic control group (n: 49, age: 45.12 ± 7.28), were included in this study. Pain severity, disease activity, physical activity level, fatique, thickness of TrA, IO, EO and LM muscles and endurance, and functional mobility were evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), US imaging, McGill core endurance tests, and physical fitness tests, respectively. FM patients were classified according to the FSS score. RESULTS: The thickness of the IO (right side) (p = 0.013) and LM (both sides) (p < 0.001) muscles, lumbopelvic muscle endurance (all p < 0.001) and physical fitness tests (all p < 0.001) were lower in FM group compared to the asymptomatic group. No statistically significant differences were found in TrA, IO (left side), EO muscles thickness between the two groups (all p > 0.05). LM muscle thickness was significantly correlated with lumbopelvic muscle endurance (all p < 0.05), physical fitness tests (all p < 0.001) and fatique (p = 0.001). Moreover, significant differences in LM muscle thickness (p = 0.007), trunk flexor muscle endurance (p = 0.016), left trunk lateral flexor muscle endurance (p = 0.045) and 30-s chair stand test (p = 0.025) in favor of the low-fatigue group were detected. CONCLUSION: The thickness of LM muscle, lumbopelvik endurance and functional mobility in FM patients have been affected negatively. These findings should be considered in management of FM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".