Presurgery and Postsurgery Outcomes Following Lower Extremity Torsional Osteotomies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Torsional osteotomies of the femur and tibia may be indicated in select individuals with a combination of increased femoral anteversion and external tibial torsion. This study aims to quantify the presurgery and postsurgery levels of pain, function and mobility, and gait patterns in patients with lower extremity torsional abnormalities (LETAs). METHODS: Patients with LETA who underwent torsional osteotomy of the femurs and/or tibias were recruited. Before and 1 year postsurgery, participants had a gait analysis and completed patient-reported outcomes. CT torsional assessment was performed at baseline. Paired t tests and statistical parametric mapping were used to assess presurgery and postsurgery changes. RESULTS: Ten participants (18 ± 2 y) completed the study. Participants had 29 ± 10 degrees of femoral anteversion and 45 ± 11 degrees of external tibial torsion. The hip rotational arc and transmalleolar axis improved towards norms following surgery. The major deviations found in the kinematic were observed in the transverse plane, and they improved towards norms postsurgery. The patient-reported outcomes were below norm presurgery but improved significantly postsurgery. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest that LETA can be diagnosed based on radiologic, gait, and physical abnormalities. Postsurgery results showed that torsional osteotomy alleviated pain, restored physical function, and normalized gait patterns. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".