Spontaneous flexibility, attentional set shifting and cognitive control in men with alcohol dependence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess spontaneous flexibility, attentional set shifting and cognitive control in alcohol- dependent men in the process of therapy in alcohol addiction treatment units, and to recognise the use of production strategies in visual-spatial mode in this clinical group. Methods: A total of 72 men participated in the study, 43 were alcohol-dependent (ADS) and 29 were controls (CTR). The Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT), the Color Trails Test part 2 (CTT-2) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were administered. Results: The findings showed that alcohol dependence significantly impacted performance CTT-2 and RFFT, beyond and above age and education. The ADS group performed significantly worse than controls in CTT-2 and all indices of RFFT. A significant interaction effect was observed between group and task type for perseverations, with ADS patients producing fewer perseverations for the first part of RFFT compared to other parts of the test. They also used fewer production strategies than controls. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that alcohol dependence specifically contributes to explaining the results in terms of reactive flexibility in the aspect of attentional set shifting, as well as spontaneous flexibility in tasks requiring the generation of unique designs in limited time. The alcohol-dependent group demonstrated poor cognitive control, as evidenced by significantly higher number of perseverations. Furthermore, an analysis of the production strategies employed by alcohol-dependent men provided important information about their control and planning capacities. These findings support the recommendation to work with cognitive stimulation in therapeutic work with this population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".