Significance of fineness of pozzolans in determining pozzolanic reactivity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the quantification of the pozzolanic reactivity of pozzolans examined in terms of compressive strength, bound water and electrical resistivity. The pozzolans studied included natural pozzolans, glass pozzolans and fly ash that were ground to four fineness levels or median particle sizes (d 50 ) of approximately 3, 5, 10 and 15 µm. Quantitative X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the amorphous content of pozzolans. The UNB lime-reactivity test and a modified ASTM C311 activity with portland cement test were performed in mortars. In these two tests, bulk electrical resistivity measurements were conducted before measuring compressive strength. Additionally, pastes were prepared for bound water in accordance with the R 3 test or ASTM C1897 . While the pozzolanic reactivity for all materials tested generally improves with the fineness, one pozzolan could demonstrate a very different rate of pozzolanicity improvements compared to that of others. Bulk electrical resistivity provides a reliable assessment of pozzolanic reactivity and can help differentiate pozzolanic and pozzolanic-hydraulic materials when used in conjunction with compressive strength. The modified ASTM C311 test is also found to be suitable and effective in rapidly distinguishing pozzolans, especially slow reactive ones, from inert materials at 7 days. A novel amorphous-fineness index derived by combining the amorphous content and fineness of pozzolans to reasonably predict the pozzolanic reactivity and limitations of the index are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".