Noninvasive targeted modulation of pain circuits with focused ultrasonic waves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Acupuncture is an effective treatment for patients with depressive symptoms.However, its efficacy remains unclear for patients with a primary diagnosis of depression.We aimed to examine whether scalp acupuncture is an effective augmentation treatment for patients with a primary diagnosis of depression.Methods: 42 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to daily acupuncture treatment (n26) for 10 continuous working days, or the control arm without acupuncture treatment.Patients were assessed by blinded raters at pre-treatment, immediately after treatment, one-month, and three-month post-treatment.Montgomeryesberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Selfreport 16-items (QIDS-SR16), and TCM depression assessment conducted by TCM physicians were used for depressive symptoms, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function, and patient self-reported EQ-5D scale for subjective quality of life.Data were analyzed with independent student t-test.Results: Patients in the treatment arm displayed a trend of better improvement of depressive symptoms assessed by QIDS-SR16 [baseline 19.791.64vs 19.911.83(control vs treatment, meanSE, p0.962); posttreatment 14.231.81vs 12.521.66;p0.508; one-month 17.432.86vs 13.792.07,p0.352; and three-month 21.503.23 vs 13.552.18,p0.076)].There was significant improvement in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Likert scale for depression [baseline 6.690.58vs 6.960.54(p0.740);post-treatment 60.47 vs 4.430.51(p0.045);one-month 6.50.71vs 4.260.58(p0.035); and three-month 7.00.82vs 3.820.74(p0.033)].Better EQ-5D utility scores were observed in the treatment group, though this trend was not observed for cognitive functions assessed by MoCA and depressive symptoms assessed by MADRS.Conclusion: There is a trend of delayed antidepressant effectiveness of scalp acupuncture treatment in reducing phlegm and regulating "Qi" flow for a calm mind in patients with a primary diagnosis of depression.However, data interpretation is limited by the relatively small sample size.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".