Psychosocial wellbeing of patients with breast cancer following surgical treatment in Northern Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. The cases of breast cancer have continued to rise in Nigeria and surgery remains one of the commonest treatment modalities. However, little is known about the psychosocial wellbeing of patients with breast cancer following surgery in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study investigates the psychosocial well-being and its determinants among patients with breast cancer post-surgery. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 72 patients with breast cancer post-surgery in Northern Nigeria. A clinico-demographic questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered to all participants to gather information on their background and psychosocial wellbeing. RESULTS: The participants' mean (± SD) age was 45.94 (± 9.05) years. The prevalence of psychological distress was 36.1% based on GHQ-12. A three-factor analysis of the GHQ-12 showed participants' mean (± SD) scores for anxiety/depression, social dysfunction, and loss of confidence were 9.25 (± 3.93), 14.17 (± 5.62) and 4.59 (± 1.97) respectively. About 15% (n = 11) of the participants reported their QoL as poor with mean total score of 50.91 (± 12.62), and social relationship 9.81 (± 5.09) was mostly affected across the four domains of WHOQOL-BREF. A lack of psychological counseling pre-surgery, unemployment, low level of education, post-surgical complications, and presence of psychological distress were associated with poor QoL. However, a lack of psychological counseling, post-surgical complications, and psychological distress were key predictors of poor QoL after controlling for cofounders. CONCLUSION: Evidence informed holistic care is indicated among individuals with surgical treatment for breast cancer. There is a need for resources, capacity development and training of healthcare professionals involved in the management of breast cancer to deliver holistic care to enhance their psychosocial wellbeing. Future prospective studies are needed to inform evidence-based psychosocial interventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".