Voxel-based alterations in spontaneous brain activity among very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: A preliminary resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP) is a subtype of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in which individuals experience psychotic symptoms for the first time after the age of 60. The incidence of VLOSLP shows a linear relationship with increasing age. However, no studies have reported alterations in spontaneous brain activity among VLOSLP patients and their correlation with cognitive function and clinical symptoms. AIM To explore VLOSLP brain activity and correlations with cognitive function and clinical symptoms using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS This study included 33 VLOSLP patients and 34 healthy controls. The cognitive assessment utilized the Mini Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Clinical characteristic acquisition was performed via the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). All participants were scanned via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and the data were processed using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity, and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). RESULTS The VLOSLP group presented decreased ALFF values in the left cuneus, right precuneus, right precentral gyrus, and left paracentral lobule; increased fALFF values in the left caudate nucleus; decreased fALFF values in the right calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex (CAL) and right precuneus; increased regional homogeneity values in the right putamen; and decreased VMHC values in the bilateral CAL, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and bilateral cuneus. In the VLOSLP group, ALFF values in the right precuneus were negatively correlated with Mini Mental State Examination score and PANSS positive subscale score, and VMHC values in the bilateral CAL were negatively correlated with the RBANS total score, RBANS delayed memory score, and PANSS positive subscale score. CONCLUSION The changes of brain activity in VLOSLP are concentrated in the right precuneus and bilateral CAL regions, which may be associated with cognitive impairment and clinically positive symptoms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".