A randomized controlled trial evaluating a novel oscillating-rotating electric toothbrush versus a sonic toothbrush for plaque and gingivitis.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the relative efficacy of a new entry-tier oscillating-rotating (OR) electric toothbrush versus a sonic electric toothbrush over 4 weeks of use for plaque and gingivitis reduction. METHODS: This single-center, examiner-blind, two-treatment, parallel-group, randomized clinical study enrolled adult participants who had evidence of gingivitis and plaque at baseline. Participants were randomly assigned to use either an entry-tier OR toothbrush (Oral-B iO2) with the Ultimate Clean brush head in Daily Clean mode or an advanced sonic toothbrush (usmile Marble-Art) used with the usmile Advanced Whitening brush head in Clean mode (and at the high-intensity level). Both groups brushed with a standard sodium fluoride dentifrice. Participants were assessed for gingivitis (Modified Gingival Index and the Gingival Bleeding Index) and plaque (Rustogi Modification of the Navy Plaque Index) at baseline and after 4 weeks of twice-daily use. Plaque was also assessed after a single use at baseline. RESULTS: Both toothbrushes statistically significantly reduced gingivitis after 4 weeks of use and plaque after a single use and after 4 weeks (P< 0.001 for all). The OR toothbrush, relative to the sonic toothbrush, demonstrated a statistically significantly greater reduction in Modified Gingival Index score and number of bleeding sites (P< 0.001) and was associated with a significantly greater number of users transitioning from gingivitis to a state of gingival health (i.e., < 10% bleeding sites; P= 0.038) by the end of the study. The OR toothbrush likewise demonstrated greater efficacy with respect to plaque reduction after a single use (whole mouth, interproximal, and gingival margin; P< 0.001 for all) and after 4 weeks of use (whole mouth and interproximal; P< 0.001 for both). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The novel entry-tier OR toothbrush offers significantly greater plaque control and gingivitis reduction relative to the advanced sonic toothbrush model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".