Apparent zinc absorption in Ayrshire and Holstein lactating cows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is a lack of data about potential differences in trace mineral absorption within dairy cow breeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate if apparent zinc absorption between Ayrshire and Holstein lactating cows differs. A total of 12 multiparous cows (six Ayrshire and six Holstein) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with periods of 35-day duration (26 days of diet adaptation followed by data collection). Daily intake and total fecal collection were performed on 7 consecutive days. Daily samples of total mixed ration, refusals, and feces were composited by week and analysed for zinc concentration by atomic absorption spectrometry. Apparent absorption was calculated as daily dietary intake minus excretion in feces over dietary intake. The percentage of inclusion of the mineral and vitamin supplement was 1.56 and 1.47% for Ayrshire and Holstein cows, respectively, accounting for different milk production, BW, and DM intake between the two breeds. Dry matter intake of Ayrshire cows averaged 20.5 (standard error ( SE ): 0.8) kg/day and 25.8 (SE: 0.8) kg/day for Holstein cows resulting in a tendency for Holstein cows to ingest greater quantity of zinc. Zinc excretion was significantly greater for Holstein compared to Ayrshire cows but this was not translated into different apparent absorption. Averaged apparent zinc absorption did not differ between breeds and was 21 and 16% for Ayrshire and Holstein, respectively, with a range from −15–31%, regardless of the breed. In summary, averaged apparent zinc absorption was similar between breeds and was in line with the values reported in the literature. However, under the current experimental conditions, the technique using dietary intake minus fecal output to measure apparent zinc absorption led to an important variation between animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".