From ghost projects to grassroots future: the Gwadar Haq Do Tehreek and reclamation of failed development in Gwadar, Balochistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we delve into the lingering spectral presences resulting from the failed China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) infrastructural endeavour in Gwadar, Balochistan. We focus specifically on the dynamics of the Gwadar Haq Do Tehreek (HDT) social movement that arose in response. Predominantly, our examination sheds light on the profound dissatisfaction of Gwadar’s fishermen, members of the Baloch nation who constitute over 70% of Gwadar’s populace. We move beyond the description of CPEC’s failure by proposing that the project, while a failed venture in terms of development for Balochistan’s inhabitants, paradoxically catalysed resistance movements to fight the ghostly remnants of such infrastructural endeavours. These movements not only brought attention to the fishermen’s plight but also underscored the historical injustices inflicted upon the land- and sea-scape of Balochistan by the state of Pakistan. Moreover, we illustrate how the local community has repurposed the unsuccessful CPEC’s infrastructure for their future-making, primarily through HDT. Through critical development theories, infrastructural studies, and future studies, our analysis highlights the nuanced understanding of infrastructural development among marginalised native communities in postcolonial South Asia, focusing on Baloch of Balochistan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".