Effects of phosphorus enrichment on <i>Daphnia</i>–algae interactions in laboratory microcosms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We examined the effects of phosphorus (P) on algal biomass and stoichiometry and, subsequently, alterations to zooplankton populations. We modified P supply in microcosms and tracked changes in algal and Daphnia populations, and phosphorus concentrations. Even though we found algal biomass increased over the experiment in low P containers, greater food abundance did not increase Daphnia abundance. In low P containers, a high algal biomass was accompanied with elevated C:P ratios, very low soluble reactive P concentrations and low Daphnia fecundity. High algal C:P ratios and low soluble reactive P concentrations in these microcosms indicated a strong P-limitation of algae and food quality constraints on consumer populations. In high P containers, algal biomass initially increased, which led to an increased Daphnia abundance. In most of the high P microcosms, rapid increases in Daphnia populations led to reduced algal biomass and increased concentrations of soluble reactive P. However, in an outlier high P container, we found a different pattern with elevated algal biomass, low soluble reactive P concentrations and a very large Daphnia population. Our results show that P supplies can strongly affect Daphnia–algae interactions, but the nature of these effects are likely complicated by internal feedbacks that affect the gain and loss of both populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".