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Record W4408153809 · doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2024.11.001

Validation of the Vitruve for the back-squat movement with free weights

2025· article· en· W4408153809 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueScience & Sports · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSports Performance and Training
Canadian institutionsCentre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-JeanUniversité du Québec à Chicoutimi
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSquatPhysical medicine and rehabilitationMovement (music)Functional movementPhysical therapyMedicinePhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Although the “Vitruve” brand linear potentiometer has been validated for bench press, it needs to be validated for other sports movements such as squat to diversify its usefulness. Vitruve is claimed to be more accurate than Push, an independent accelerometer already validated for squats in general and specifically for back squats with free weights. As both devices have similar price tags, a comparison of these tools with a standard measurement (the video) will enable kinesiologists and fitness trainers to make an informed choice according to their needs. The aim was to validate the measurements obtained by Vitruve during the execution of a squat versus the Push and video analysis. Both the Vitruve and Push machines were attached to an Olympic bar with loads of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the 1RM of two participants with a total of 180 repetitions (2 sets of 5 repetitions per load up to and including 60%, then 5 sets of 1 repetition at 80%). The mean and maximum velocities of the concentric phase of the two devices were recorded for the same repetition and then compared with kinematic analysis by video (60 Hz with the Kinovea tool). Data analysis shows strong correlations for mean velocity between Vitruve and Push versus video (respectively r = 0.73 and r = 0.76; P < 0.001) and a very strong Vitruve/Push correlation (r = 0.95, P < 0.001). The Bland and Altman plots show that both devices are more effective for average speeds below 1 m/s; but also that Vitruve should be preferred to Push for maximum speed assessment. Vitruve offers more accurate speed training data than Push. It is therefore an additional, more accurate tool for trainers. Bien que le potentiomètre linéaire de marque « Vitruve » ait été validé pour le développé couché, il se doit d’être validé pour d’autres mouvements sportifs tel que le squat afin de diversifier son utilité. Le Vitruve est supposé plus précis que Push qui est un accéléromètre indépendant déjà validé pour le squat en général et spécifiquement pour le squat arrière avec poids libres. Les deux appareils ayant des prix similaires, une comparaison de ces outils avec une mesure étalon (la vidéo) permettra d’orienter les kinésiologues et préparateurs physiques dans un choix éclairé en fonction de leurs besoins. L’objectif était de valider les mesures obtenues par Vitruve lors de l’exécution d’un squat versus le Push et l’analyse vidéo. Les deux appareils Vitruve et Push ont été fixés à une barre olympique avec des charges de 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 % et 80 % du 1RM de deux participants avec un total de 180 répétitions (2 séries de 5 répétitions par charge jusqu’à 60 % inclusivement, puis 5 séries de 1 répétition à 80 %). Les vitesses moyennes et maximales de la phase concentrique des deux appareils sont enregistrées pour la même répétition et ensuite comparées à l’analyse cinématique par vidéo (60 Hz avec l’outil Kinovea). L’analyse des données montre pour la vitesse moyenne, de fortes corrélations sont observées entre le Vitruve et Push versus la vidéo (respectivement r = 0,73 et r = 0,76; p < 0,001) et une très forte corrélation Vitruve et Push (r = 0,95, p < 0,001). Les tracés Bland et Altman montrent que les deux appareils sont plus efficaces pour des vitesses moyennes inférieures à 1 m/s; mais aussi que le Vitruve serait à prioriser au Push pour évaluer la vitesse maximale. Vitruve offre des données de suivi d’entraînement des vitesses plus précises que Push. Il constitue alors un outil supplémentaire et plus précis pour les entraîneurs.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.117
Threshold uncertainty score0.185

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.255 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it