Monocular reading performance measured by MNREAD-P acuity chart in normo-readers schoolchildren
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to determine and establish values for reading performance in normo-readers schoolchildren. Literate students aged 8 to 18 years old without visual impairments were recruited. The MNREAD-P chart was used to assess monocular reading acuity (RA in logMAR), critical print size (CPS in logMAR), and maximum reading speed (MRS in words per minute - wpm). Participants were grouped into three education levels: Elementary School I (3rd to 5th grade), Elementary School II (6 to 9th), and High School (10 to 12th). Lower and upper normal limits were determined using a 95% confidence interval around the mean. The association of RA, MRS, and CPS with sex, heterophoria, and education level was analyzed with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. The final sample included 184 eyes from 92 participants (65% female) with a mean age of 12.8 ± 2.9 years. The normative lower limits were: (a) RA of 0.1 logMAR for Elementary I and II and 0.0 logMAR for High School; (b) CPS of 0.3 logMAR for all education levels; (c) MSR of 116 wpm for Elementary I, 159 wpm for Elementary II and 192 wpm for High School. Higher education level was significantly associated with improvement in RA (p = 0.017) and MRS (p < 0.001).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".