A novel preparation method for nondestructive multivoid structure core: Use thermosensitive phase-change material
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Before developing energy minerals, core physical simulation experiments are essential to evaluate the effectiveness of development methods. This study proposes a nondestructive method for preparing multivoid structure cores using a thermosensitive phase-change material. Natural camphor powder, evenly mixed with quartz sand, volatilized to form secondary pores, with key volatilization factors determined experimentally. The effects of various parameters on core matrix porosity and permeability were systematically analyzed, and predictive equations were established using statistical methods. Additionally, camphor blocks of specific shapes and sizes, compressed under high pressure, volatilized within the cores to create fractures and caves. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) reconstruction and three-dimensional core modeling confirmed that this method allowed precise control over the location and size of fractures/caves while maintaining core integrity. This work provides a cost-effective approach to fabricating artificial multivoid structure cores with controllable parameters, offering a valuable foundation for future oilfield development research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".