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Record W4408219760 · doi:10.1007/s12207-025-09535-w

General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB): Use of Obsolete Tests, Data, and Beliefs Causes Harm

2025· article· en· W4408219760 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Bob Uttl, Kiefer Sikma

Bibliographic record

VenuePsychological Injury and Law · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicCognitive Abilities and Testing
Canadian institutionsMount Royal University
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
KeywordsHarmTest (biology)Legal psychologyPsychologyAptitudeSocial psychologyDevelopmental psychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract Psychologists use obsolete intelligence tests and data to make false research and clinical claims such as (a) undergraduate students’ IQ is between 115 and 130 points, (b) correlations between IQ and years of education are well above 0.50, and (c) 16% of workers in any occupation are prevented from performing their job due to their low IQ. In this study, we examine one of the obsolete tests, General Aptitude Test Battery Canadian Edition (GATB CDN), derived from the United States Employment Service GATB but normed on the Canadian General Working Population (GWP) sample. We briefly review the history of the GATB and report on a new study in which we examined how university students today perform on the GATB CDN, some 40 years after it was normed. Our results show that undergraduate university students today scored on average about 1 SD (15 IQ points equivalent) below the 1985 GATB CDN GWP norms. In contrast, these same students scored on average 103 IQ points on Shipley-2, which was normed in 2008 on a US population sample. Our results demonstrate that the GATB CDN norms have become outdated and obsolete. In turn, opinions issued by vocational counselors, vocational psychologists, neuropsychologists, and forensic psychologists based on the GATB CDN obsolete norms are invalid, misinformation, unscientific, and pseudoscience. We conclude that using outdated and obsolete IQ data to make disparaging statements about examinees’ IQ and ability to do specific jobs is harmful, incompetent conduct, and malpractice.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.272
Threshold uncertainty score0.669

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.120
GPT teacher head0.396
Teacher spread0.276 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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