Modeling of the Six-Degree-of-Freedom Nonlinear Ground Dynamics of the Cessna Citation X
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a detailed methodology developed at the Laboratory of Applied Research in Active Controls, Avionics, and AeroServoElasticity (LARCASE) to develop the six-degree-of-freedom ground dynamics of the Cessna Citation X (CCX) business aircraft. A highly nonlinear model for ground reaction forces (i.e., horizontal, lateral, and vertical forces) was designed based on an in-house longitudinal ground dynamics model and also considering lateral motion. Furthermore, two new ratios using the angular momentum theorem around the roll and pitch axes were developed to obtain reaction forces, first between the nose and the main landing gears and then between the right and left main landing gears. Finally, based on the landing gear model and its deflections, two trigonometric equations were used to estimate the Euler angles in both roll and pitch motions. The yaw angle was calculated using the sum of ground moments around the [Formula: see text]-axis, incorporating the steering moment. This methodology was tested and validated using the CCX Level-D Research Aircraft Flight Simulator (RAFS). Compared with the RAFS data, the proposed model provided an excellent prediction of the CCX aircraft’s ground performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".