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Record W4408294235 · doi:10.55908/sdgs.v13i3.4347

EFFORTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION IN ADDRESSING CYBER THREATS

2025· article· en· W4408294235 on OpenAlex
Hiba Boukredine

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Law and Sustainable Development · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicInternational Law and Aviation
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAir transportAssociation (psychology)Computer securityPolitical scienceBusinessEnvironmental healthComputer scienceAeronauticsEngineeringPsychologyMedicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Objective: This study aims to examine the protective measures provided by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) for civil aviation in accordance with various relevant agreements in the cyber domain, including international agreements such as the Protocol on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts at Airports Serving Civil Aviation, annexed to the Montreal Convention of 1987, as well as regional agreements, in particular the European Commission Implementing Regulation No. 2019/1583. In addition, the study will clarify IATA's strategy for addressing cyber threats, emphasizing the need for cooperation between States and various governmental and non-governmental organizations. Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the main legal foundations directly and indirectly related to the cyber domain, which provide essential guarantees for the protection of the principle of air navigation safety against threats it may face, such as attacks on air traffic control networks and ticketing systems. This protection is supported by one of the most important active mechanisms for the protection of civil aviation: The International Air Transport Association (IATA). Method: A qualitative research approach will be used, focusing primarily on all international legislation related to the protection of civil aviation from cyber threats. Subsequently, IATA's efforts to address potential cybercrime threats to civil aviation will be examined. Results and Discussion: The research findings will highlight the extent to which IATA is contributing to the protection of civil aviation from cyber threats. It will also highlight the need for international and regional cooperation within the IATA framework to maintain the security of civil aviation in different countries. Research Implications: The findings of this research have significant implications for various stakeholders, including international law scholars, policy makers, civil aviation security officials, and individuals who use civil aircraft. The thorough analysis of the topic confirms that this is one of the most important studies contributing to the development of strategies to protect civil aircraft from cybercrime. Originality/Value: This study is considered to be one of the most important recent works dealing with the cyber threats that civil aviation may face. Through the analysis of international and regional agreements, it highlights the need for international cooperation to protect civil aviation from cyber threats.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.790
Threshold uncertainty score0.176

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.288
Teacher spread0.276 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it