Orbital angular momentum control of strong-field ionization in atoms and molecules
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tunnel ionization, the fundamental process in strong field physics and attosecond science, along with the subsequent electron dynamics are typically governed by the polarization and carrier envelope phase of the incident laser pulse. Moreover, most light-matter interactions involve Gaussian beams and rely primarily on dipole-active transitions. In this article, we reveal that Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) carrying beams enable to control tunnel ionization in atoms and molecules. The ionization process is manipulated by the sign and value of the OAM and by displacing the phase singularity. We show that the helical phase and field gradients inherent in the higher-order multipole expansion of the tunneling process cause ionization to depend on OAM. Simulations indicate that, in contrast to Gaussian beams, the ponderomotive effects can also be controlled with OAM and the asymmetry in the optical vortex. Our findings have an impact on attosecond science, spectroscopy, and super-resolution microscopy. Ionization of atoms and molecules is a ubiquitous phenomenon at the core of attosecond science, plasma, and strong-field physics. Here, the authors demonstrate that the orbital angular momentum of laser beams can be used to selectively control photoionization via asymmetrically displaced Laguerre-Gaussian beams, shedding light on the subtle role of spatial inhomogeneities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".