China's Scientific Ocean Drilling: Past and Future
Bibliographic record
Abstract
China has been an active participant in scientific ocean drilling programs over the past decades, significantly contributing to advances in marine science, talent development and technological innovation. With the officially conclusion of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) in 2024, China is gearing up for a new phase of ocean exploration. This presentation will comprehensively review China's achievements in ocean drilling and outline its ambitious future plans.Under the leadership of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, a new China Multifunctional Platform (CMP) will be established. The CMP will be jointly operated by the Science Center at Tongji University and the Platform Center at the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey. It will operate with high flexibility, selectively deploying appropriate drilling ships or subsea drilling rigs such as the DV Meng Xiang for deep-water drilling, the "Haiyang Dizhi Shihao" for shallow-water drilling, and the "Hainiu" for shallow target layer drilling, based on specific scientific goals and drilling requirements.China's ocean drilling strategy is founded on the principles of openness and inclusivity. Proposals for drilling missions will be solicited globally, evaluated by an international panel of experts, and the best projects will be selected for implementation. In keeping with the tradition of scientific ocean drilling programs, all data and samples collected during China-led expeditions will be shared openly, enabling scientists from around the globe to contribute to groundbreaking research. China's commitment to international cooperation extends to maintaining and expanding partnerships with current IODP members, including the United States, Japan, 14 European countries, Canada (ECORD), Australia and New Zealand (ANZIC), India, and others. By broadening the scope of collaboration, China aims to create opportunities for more countries, particularly developing nations, to engage in ocean drilling and contribute to the collective understanding of our oceans.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".