Chitosan powders and Ortho-R, a chitosan-containing finished product, are stable long term when stored in proper conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chitosan has sometimes been perceived to have a poor stability, which may explain why only a few chitosan-based products are available commercially. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of two chitosan powders and of Ortho-R (ChitogenX Inc), a chitosan-containing finished product that is used as an adjunct to improve repair of soft tissues. The powders and Ortho-R product were subjected to accelerated (40 °C/75 % RH) and long-term (25 °C/60 % RH) stability testing. The chitosan number average molar mass ( M n ), polydispersity index (PDI), degree of deacetylation (DDA) and water content did not change substantially throughout the stability testing period and remained within the established specifications. Forced degradation studies were also performed on the Ortho-R product by exposing it to light, heat, humidity, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Storing the Ortho-R product in an open vial under warm and humid conditions (40 °C/75 % RH) led to an increase in chitosan M n and PDI. The Ortho-R product was sensitive to oxidation as revealed by a decrease in chitosan M n and PDI. Chitosan powders and the Ortho-R finished product are stable in the long term when the proper container closure systems are used.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".