Relationships between Shear Strength Parameters with Mineralogy and Index Properties of Compacted, Unsaturated Soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study is to assess the influences of soil index properties, swelling parameters, and soil mineralogy on unsaturated shear strength parameters (ϕ‘, ϕ b , c‘) of compacted expansive soils. The laboratory tests include the grain size distribution, specific gravity (Gs), Atterberg limits, swelling potential, X-ray diffraction, modified Proctor compaction, soil suction, and triaxial testing. MINITAB 19 statistical analysis software generates the tri-dimensional surface graphs. The values ϕ‘, ϕ b , and c‘ are majorly influenced by water (%), Gs, and clay (%). ϕ‘ shows a strong correlation with free swell ratio (FSR), free swell index (FSI), and void ratio. ϕ b demonstrates a strong relationship with liquid limit, plasticity index, and γ d (dry unit weight). ϕ‘ and c‘ portray a moderate relationship with liquid limit, plasticity limit, and γ d . ϕ‘ exhibits a moderate correlation with smectite (%) and plagioclase (%). ϕ b describes a strong relationship with smectite (%) and a moderate correlation with plagioclase and K-feldspar (%). c‘ depicts a moderate correlation with smectite (%), K-feldspar (%), and plagioclase (%). The matric suction controls the behaviour of unsaturated soils. Nonetheless, the influences of soil index properties, swelling potential, and mineralogy on shear strength are not marginal. These findings provide a good insight into the behaviour of unsaturated expansive soils and contribute to enhancing geotechnical modelling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".