Canada Basin (Arctic Ocean): models of geologic structure, history and geodynamics of formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Arctic Ocean, the Amerasia and Eurasia basins are recognized. They are separated by the Lomonosov Ridge. In the southern part of the Amerasia Basin is the Canada Basin with Cretaceous oceanic and transitional crust. The Alpha-Mendeleev Rise and its associated deep-water basins (Podvodnikov, Makarov, Toll, Nautilus, and Stefansson) lie to the north of the Canada Basin. The Alpha-Mendeleev Rise and associated basins contain varying amounts of altered continental crust. Their major construction period was about 125–90 Ma. We discuss three models for formation of the Canadian Basin. Model-1: the entire Amerasia Basin with oceanic and transitional crust was formed first (before 125 Ma). This was followed by the Alpha-Mendeleev Rise region which formed as a volcanic formation on earlier oceanic crust (125–90 Ma). Model-2: the Canada Basin formed first (before 125 Ma). The Alpha-Mendeleev Rise region and associated basin then formed via continental crustal extension and magmatism (125–90 Ma). Model-3: the Alpha-Mendeleev uplift region and associated basins formed above a mantle plume (125–100 Ma). Subsequently, along one of the branches of continental rifting, spreading formed transitional and oceanic crust and the Canada Basin was formed (100–70 Ma). We find Model-1 to be the least probable, since it is now proven that the Alpha-Mendeleev Rise is underlain by continental crust. Models-2 and -3 are both possible. According to these models, the Canada Basin formed as a back-arc basin of the Pacific subduction zone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".