Ultimate ownership, corporate social responsibility and firm value: evidence from China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship among ultimate ownership, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value using firm-level data from Chinese listed companies. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data of Chinese listed firms during 2010–2018, this paper estimates with correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Findings The larger the divergence between ultimate owner’s control rights and cash flow rights, the stronger motivation is to infringe corporate interests and cover up misconduct through CSR. While the larger the cash flow rights, the more conducive to restrain the ultimate owner from CSR investment. The state-owned enterprises have a higher CSR. Furthermore, the separation of control rights and cash flow rights is significantly negatively related to firm value, whereas cash flow rights positively affect it. State-owned ultimate owner has a negative impact on firm value. CSR plays a significant mediating effect between ultimate ownership and firm value. Originality/value This paper reveals the tunneling and disguising effect of CSR and provides a new approach for the affecting mechanisms between ultimate ownership and firm value.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".