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Record W4408914142 · doi:10.1080/14681811.2025.2481114

“We learn after freaking out”: teachers’ responses to transgender students in Brazilian high schools

2025· article· en· W4408914142 on OpenAlex
Júlia Clara de Pontes, Vera Paiva, Cristiane Gonçalves da Silva

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueSex Education · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicLGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
FundersConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
KeywordsTransgenderPsychologySexual identityPedagogyMathematics educationHuman sexualityMedical educationSociologyMedicineGender studies

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In Brazil, transgender/gender-diverse youth are initiating social transitions at an earlier age, reflecting more supportive settings and greater social awareness. Schools, as critical environments in which they spend most of their time, play a pivotal role in shaping their experiences. This case-study aims to provide insight into how Brazilian schools have been responding to the growing presence of transgender adolescents by examining the experiences of a group of teachers who, without prior education and training, encountered a transgender student for the first time. In-depth interviews were conducted with staff at one public high school located in Santos/Guarujá, Brazil. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis within a constructivist paradigm. Our findings show how cisnormative assumptions fostered a trans-exclusionary culture, exposing transgender/gender-diverse students to misgendering, restricted access to facilities, and transphobic remarks. While coexistence between cisgender teachers and transgender students raised awareness among some school staff, it also generated exposure and embarrassment for the students. To foster more affirming environments, it is important to challenge the common sense about ‘equality’, which reinforces cisnormativity as an assumption for all students, and adopt policies to promote affirming change that does not rely solely on the presence of trans students.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.161
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.034
GPT teacher head0.444
Teacher spread0.410 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it