Effects of a Digitally Supported Physical Activity Intervention in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a digitally supported physical activity (PA) intervention on pain, physical function, exercise adherence and quality of life in females with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Thirty female participants with knee OA were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 15) receiving patient education, smartwatch use, and a home exercise programme, or an intervention group (n = 15) receiving an additional digitally supported walking programme. The primary outcome measures were pain severity (Numerical Pain Rating Scale [NPRS]), physical function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index [WOMAC]) and exercise adherence. Secondary outcomes included quality of life (European Quality of Life Scale 5 Dimensions/EQ-5D-3L), daily step count and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale/PCS). Assessments were performed at baseline and after 8 weeks. RESULTS: The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in pain severity (1.4 cm larger improvement on NPRS; p = 0.005), physical function (6.4-point larger improvement on WOMAC total score; p = 0.003) and daily step count (1548 steps larger improvement; p = 0.045) compared to the control group. Both groups demonstrated similar significant improvements in exercise adherence, pain catastrophizing, and quality of life (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A digitally supported PA intervention, in addition to patient education and a home exercise programme, significantly improved pain, physical function and PA in females with knee OA. These findings support the efficacy of structured, supervised digital interventions for enhancing outcomes in this population. Future studies should explore strategies to enhance long-term adherence through digital PA interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki (Clinical Trial Registry Number: NCT05810376).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".