Exploring Mortality and Associated Risks Among Assisted Home Hemodialysis Patients in Qatar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Home hemodialysis (HD) is a well-established modality that promotes patient independence but poses significant challenges, particularly in regions like the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Assisted home HD has gained momentum in the GCC over the past few years. Qatar's assisted home HD program has expanded substantially in the past 2 years. This study examines the demographics, mortality rates, and associated risk factors within Qatar's assisted home HD patient population. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study to review national data for all assisted home HD patients in Qatar between July 2021 and December 2023. Patients had to be > 60 years old and have limited mobility to be eligible for the assisted home HD program and included in the study. RESULTS: We had 114 assisted home HD patients with a median age of 71.5; 54 (47.4%) were males. During the study period, 20 patients (17.5%) died, and 8 (7%) stopped receiving the service for traveling abroad, personal preference for in-center HD, or changing dialysis modality. Most deaths occurred due to infectious causes. The deceased patients had significantly less HD vintage, more severe immobility, and more hospitalizations compared to the alive participants. On multivariate analysis, patients with severe immobility had 3.8 (CI: 1.1-12.8, 95% p < 0.05) times higher odds of mortality than patients with mild to moderate immobility. CONCLUSION: Our study found that mortality in the assisted home HD program is significant and mostly related to mobility status. Patients with severely reduced mobility had almost four times the risk of mortality compared to more mobile patients. Further, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".