A case series of modular hip hemiarthroplasties employing a metal-on-metal taper-trunnion junction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims: Hip hemiarthroplasty is a common procedure in the treatment of intracapsular displaced femoral neck fractures. Modular hemiarthroplasties have a separate stem, neck, and head component which gives the surgeon more combinations to try and accurately recreate the patient's original hip geometry. Despite regular use, little is known regarding susceptibility to metal-on-metal debris wear in this specific situation. Methods: This single-centre, two-year prospective cohort study aimed to characterize in vivo wear and associated adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) in an uncemented CORAIL stem and Cathcart modular head hip hemiarthroplasty. The mean patient age was 80.5 years (62 to 96) and mean follow-up 2.2 years (1.0 to 4.6). Overall, 54 patients had a clinical, radiological, and serum metal ion (chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co)) assessment. At follow-up radiological evidence of acetabular erosion was graded (0 to 3: normal to protrusio). Metal ion levels were considered high if ≥ 7 ppb as per current Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency guidelines. Results: Final Cr and Co levels in ppb were 0.26 (IQR 1.33; 95% CI 0.67 to 5.16) and 0.68 (IQR 2.52; 95% CI 1.25 to 3.30), respectively. The mean one-year Oxford Hip Score was 35 (SD 10). Acetabular erosion was detected in 27 patients (50%). All eight patients (14.8%) with high metal ion levels had associated acetabular erosion, of which four (50%) had an ARMD lesion. Patients with high metal ion levels had a similar head size with the same taper size, similar OHS, and similar pre-fracture mobility to those with low metal ion levels. Conclusion: Modular hip hemiarthroplasty patients may be susceptible to metallosis and ARMD despite being less active individuals than those who receive a total hip arthroplasty. Acetabular erosion was associated with a 2.5-times increased risk of raised metal ion levels but cause and effect have not been established.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".