Changes in motor cortex GABA in children with perinatal stroke after transcranial direct current stimulation and intensive motor rehabilitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Perinatal stroke (PS) often damages the motor system, leading to hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Current treatment is limited to rehabilitation therapy, but non-invasive brain stimulation is a promising adjuvant. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has demonstrated motor cortex metabolite level differences in PS but the effects of therapy and neuromodulation on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are unknown. We aim to determine if GABA is altered in bilateral primary motor cortex (M1) of children with PS, and how levels change following transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and motor therapy interventions. Methods Participants (6-18 yrs) with PS and hemiparesis were recruited to the Stimulation for Perinatal Stroke Optimizing Recovery Trajectories (SPORT) trial. Participants attended a 10-day camp and were randomized to receive active or sham cathodal tDCS over non-lesioned M1. At baseline, 1-week post-camp, and 6-month follow-up, MRI was performed, and motor function was assessed. Task-fMRI localized bilateral M1 for MRS voxel placement. GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS quantified GABA+ levels. Results Forty-nine participants were included. Motor function increased for all groups (p<0.001). At baseline, GABA+ was lower in the lesioned hemisphere and lesioned M1 GABA+ was positively associated with subjective motor function measures. Interhemispheric differences in GABA+ equalized by 6 months. No effect of therapy or tDCS on GABA+ was observed. Discussion M1 GABA levels are altered in children with PS but do not appear to change with intensive motor learning or tDCS. MRS measures of neurochemical changes may inform mechanisms of interventional plasticity in children with disabilities.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".