Exercise adherence is associated with improvements in pain intensity and functional limitations in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain: a secondary analysis of a Cochrane review
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
QUESTION: What is the association between exercise adherence and the effects of exercise on pain intensity and functional limitations in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP)? DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with CNSLBP. INTERVENTION: Randomised controlled trials of exercise compared with no exercise (eg, usual care, placebo/sham or another conservative treatment). Adherence to exercise must have been reported. OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain intensity and functional limitations. RESULTS: This study included 46 trials with 56 exercise groups. High exercise adherence (80 to 100%) was associated with reduced pain intensity (0 to 100 scale) (MD -14.32, 95% CI -18.61 to -10.03, low certainty) and functional limitations (0 to 100 scale) (MD -8.08, 95% CI -10.68 to -5.49, low certainty). Moderate exercise adherence (60 to 79%) was not associated with reduced pain intensity (MD -4.53, 95% CI -9.39 to 0.34, very low certainty) or functional limitations (MD -2.75, 95% CI -6.00 to 0.51, very low certainty). Low exercise adherence (< 59%) was associated with reduced pain intensity (MD -5.33, 95% CI -10.00 to -0.66, low certainty) and functional limitations (MD -4.43, 95% CI -7.14 to -1.72, moderate certainty). Compared with low adherence, additional differences in outcomes for moderate and high adherence were mostly negligible. CONCLUSION: Higher exercise adherence is associated with larger improvements in clinical outcomes in adults with CNSLBP, although overall differences are small compared with lower adherence. Other factors besides adherence between the trials and exercise programs could explain these results. Further research is needed to determine the causal effect of exercise adherence on outcomes in adults with CNSLBP. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42023447355 and Open Science Framework https://osf.io/7p6dw/.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it