Short-billed Dowitcher (<i>Limnodromus griseus hendersoni</i>) nesting habitat preferences and climate change implications in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Climate change poses a threat to subarctic ecosystems, and subarctic breeding shorebirds are already experiencing loss of breeding habitat due to the changing landscape. In this study, we aimed to identify the nesting habitat preferences of the Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus hendersoni, a declining shorebird that breeds in the subarctic tundra of Canada, at one of their nesting sites near Churchill, Manitoba. We use Maxent, a presence-only species distribution model, to identify its nesting habitat preferences and visualize the potential distribution of suitable nesting habitat around Churchill. Presence locations were acquired by intensive nest surveys from 2021 to 2023. Terrain data, acquired via remote sensing, were used as environmental predictors. Nest sites were mostly predicted by vegetation structure, particularly high vegetation productivity related with wet-sedge meadows. Suitable nesting habitat is predicted to be 3357 ha in the area around Churchill, but encroachment by shrub or trees would severely decrease habitat suitability. Modelling was based on a relatively small number of observations because Short-billed Dowitcher nests are both uncommon on the landscape and highly cryptic. Nonetheless, this study provides valuable insights into the breeding biology of an understudied shorebird species at one of their few monitored breeding sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".