Using 3D printing as a tool to study nesting behaviours of paracoprid dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The dung-burying activities of paracoprid dung beetles such as Onthophagus nuchicornis Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are known to improve nutrient cycling, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce parasite transmission. These benefits are closely associated with the quantity of dung buried and the depth at which the nest is built; however, comparatively little research has focused on the role of underground nest architecture in underpinning ecosystem function. The use of three-dimensional (3D) printing has facilitated the use of innovative models, tools, and methods in recent ecological studies. Although past attempts have been made to construct paracoprid beetle observation chambers from wood, to our knowledge, 3D printing has not yet been used for this purpose. We designed a 3D-printed observation chamber that allowed us to view the placement and rate of brood-ball production. Initial trials of our design indicate that, with adjustment of the chamber interpane width, tunnelling and brood-ball activity can be monitored without limiting the activity of the captive beetles. Noninvasive observation of underground activity using 3D-printed observation chambers is cost and time effective, and it offers a number of practical advantages over traditional wooden designs. These improvements may facilitate observations and contribute to our understanding of ecosystem functions provided by paracoprid dung beetles.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it