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Record W4409464565 · doi:10.1177/16094069251333335

AI-Image Generation in Research Interviews: Opportunities and Challenges

2025· article· en· W4409464565 on OpenAlexafffundabout
Luciara Nardon, Camila Brüning, Sasha Valgardsson, Manuela Busato

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Qualitative Methods · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Canadian institutionsCarleton University
FundersUniversidade Federal do ParanáMitacsCarleton University
KeywordsImage (mathematics)Computer scienceSociologyArtificial intelligence

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Drawing on our experience developing a visual polyvocal narrative of the immigration system in Canada and Brazil, we explore the role of artificial intelligence (AI) image generation as a tool for supporting interview participants in articulating their experiences. We found that the AI image generation process supported participants’ ability to reflect and express their experiences. However, there were several challenges due to technological limitations and inherent biases embedded in the AI, which resulted in unsatisfactory images and repeated image generation attempts. We came to conceptualize the AI image generation tool as a third agent in the interview process, facilitating access to artistic expression yet introducing content into the conversation. We identified five primary roles played by the AI image generation tool in the interview process: Helper (supported the image generation process), Distractor (transferred attention from the topic of study to prompt engineering), Motivator (motivated participants to better articulate their vision), Influencer (introduced content in the conversation), and Facilitator (facilitated reflection and sensemaking). We discuss avenues for maximizing the benefits of AI image generation in interviewing and mitigating its challenges. We contribute to a growing body of research on reflective and arts-based interventions in interviewing by illustrating the role new technologies can play in advancing the potential of interview-based research.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.265
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.227
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch
Consensus categoriesMetaresearch
DomainCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.735
Threshold uncertainty score0.907

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.2650.227
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0040.004
Science and technology studies0.0230.037
Scholarly communication0.0180.016
Open science0.0070.021
Research integrity0.0060.006
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0040.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.975
GPT teacher head0.786
Teacher spread0.189 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.

Study designQualitative
DomainMethods
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations5
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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