microRNA-4488 is differentially regulated during dengue virus infection and clearance of the virus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans via mosquito bites. Viral infection is systemic in humans and can lead to organ failure including in the liver. Since there are many molecular changes that precede liver failure, identification of progress at the molecular level is informative. As an RNA virus, DENV perturbs non-coding RNAs including microRNAs. Here we examine microRNA profiles in hepatoma cells using small molecule–mediated annotation of miRNA targets. It was previously shown that treatment with the broadly antiviral oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) induces the expression of antiviral microRNAs in the liver. Herein, we show that 25HC is potently antiviral against Dengue virus and identify miR-4488 as a microRNA which is overexpressed during infection and downregulated with oxysterol treatment. We also show that miR-4488 is downregulated when the viral levels are lowered using siRNA, suggesting that this microRNA is involved in the host-response to infection. Since miR-4488 levels closely correlate with DENV levels in the liver, it serves as a biomarker for virus infection in the liver and may contribute the overall effects of DENV in this organ.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".