Evolutionary systematics of the Staphylininae rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) resolved by integration of phylogenomics, comparative morphology and historical biogeography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Based on a phylogenomic analysis, we here update the higher classification of the rove beetle subfamily Staphylininae, an insect mega‐lineage comprising over 9000 described species. All established or newly proposed higher taxa are statistically robust and biogeographically plausible monophyla identified by morphological characters, many of which are putative synapomorphies. Novel molecular and morphological evidence corroborate the previously challenged broad concept of Staphylininae, and the newly proposed division of Staphylinini into the tribes Staphylinini stat. rev. and Tanygnathinini stat. rev. Our fossil‐calibrated dating of the phylogeny revealed consistent temporal congruence between major cladogenetic events and plate tectonics throughout the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras; for example, the divergence of Tanygnathinini stat. rev. from Staphylinini stat. rev. is contemporaneous with the break‐up of Pangea, and the first divergence within Tanygnathinini stat. rev. coincides with the separation of South America and Africa. Similarly manifold evidence, including the evaluated performance of the alternative statistical phylogenetic models, supports all proposed new subtribes: Ctenandropina subtrib. nov. and Nitidocolpina subtrib. nov. within Tanygnathinini; Descarpentriesiellina subtrib. nov. and Valdiviodina subtrib. nov. within Staphylinini. Keys, diagnoses and descriptions are provided for all involved higher taxa in the extensive taxonomic part.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".