Factors associated with detection of oligometastatic recurrence and outcome following definitive (Chemo)radiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: We aim to describe characteristics and patterns of detection of distant metastasis (DM) and subsequent outcomes following definitive (chemo)radiotherapy [(C)RT] for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). MATERIAL/METHODS: OPC patients who developed DM after initial complete response to (C)RT from 2010 to 2020 were included. DM were classified as oligometastases (≤5 lesions) vs polymetastases. Interval from prior normal surveillance imaging to DM detection was recorded. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed for overall survival (OS) after DM. RESULTS: A total of 124 patients were eligible. Most (116/124, 94 %) developed DMs within the thorax, of whom 72 (58 %) had thorax only DM. Oligometastases (n = 46) vs polymetastases (n = 78) were more commonly detected without DM-related symptoms (76 % vs 55 %, p = 0.003) and identified with shorter interval from previous normal imaging (median 7.9 vs 12.7 months, p = 0.030). Median follow-up from DM diagnosis was 31.5 months. Three-year OS after DM was higher for patients with oligometastases vs polymetastases (32 % vs 5 %, p < 0.001). Patients with oligometastases who received salvage therapy had a longer 3-year OS (vs not) (63 % vs 7 %, p < 0.001). On MVA, salvage therapy (Hazard Ratio [HR) 0.32, p = 0.005), HPV + status (HR 0.50, p = 0.002) and thorax only distant metastases (HR 0.64, p = 0.034) were associated with longer OS. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one-third of first DM in OPC following initial complete response to (C)RT are oligometastases and most occur within the thorax. Most oligometastases are asymptomatic and more commonly detected following a shorter surveillance scan interval. DM-targeted salvage therapy for oligometastases is associated with longer OS. Prospective studies refining surveillance algorithms to increase detection of oligometastases in asymptomatic high-risk OPC patients are indicated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".