Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the province of Quebec, Canada: trapping, sex ratios, and female reproductive status
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Outbreaks caused by migrant pests such as the armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are generally unpredictable. In the province of Quebec, Canada, the arrival and dispersal of armyworms is monitored by capturing males using pheromone traps. Because only males are captured in pheromone-baited traps, trap catch is not predictive of subsequent larval occurrence and damage. We used traps baited with a feeding attractant to capture both male and female armyworm moths and evaluate their flight period at 11 sites across the province in 2018 and 2019. The reproductive status of females was also investigated by dissecting their reproductive apparatus to determine if they were sexually active when captured. The results showed two peak flight periods between May and August but high variation at the different sites and between years. Both sexes migrate in Quebec at the same time but in variable and unpredictable proportions. All spring migrant females had mated before capture, whereas some unmated females were captured later in the season. These results provide useful information to better monitor the armyworm in Quebec and to develop more appropriate integrated pest management strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".