Experimental study on the micro-mechanism and compressive strength of concrete with calcined coal gangue coarse aggregate
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Coal gangue, a byproduct of coal beneficiation , has low strength and high carbon content, which negatively affects the mechanical properties of concrete when used as a substrate for natural gravel. However, high temperature calcination can activate its pozzolanic properties , improving its suitability for concrete production. This study investigates the microstructural and mechanical property of concrete incorporated with calcined coal gangue coarse aggregate at different temperatures (500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C). The experimental results indicate that metakaolin in coal gangue begins to decompose at 500°C, increasing the content of reactive SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , which participate in secondary hydration reactions with calcium hydroxide (CH). This process forms additional calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel, ettringite (AFT) crystals, and afwillite, enhancing the concrete microstructure. Notably, coal gangue concrete calcined at 800°C exhibited a porosity of 1.29 % and a compressive strength of 38 MPa after 28 days of curing, meeting the C30 concrete standard. Furthermore, the correlation between the compressive strength of CCGC and its microstructure exceeded 0.72, indicating that fractal dimension analysis is an effective method for predicting concrete strength.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it