Embracing global biodiversity toward a better planet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Global biodiversity is the most essential component of the planet, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) has been unanimously adopted by 196 parties worldwide in 2022 to achieve the global vision of a world of living in harmony with nature by 2050. Of particular importance is the timely update of the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and/or National Targets aligned with the GBF before the sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Upon comprehensive evaluation of updated NBSAPs of 47 parties and updated national targets of 126 parties, we proposed pathways that could better inform the updating processes. First, the essential elements of the goals and targets of the GBF applicable to national circumstances should be equivalently translated into national policies and instruments. Second, when specific national circumstances do not match with those essential elements, parties need to determine their own national biodiversity targets based on their situation but in a way that maintains and reflects the ambition of the GBF. Furthermore, the key factors that promote the success of biodiversity conservation are highlighted in terms of the target alignment with the GBF, the ownership enhancement, and the capacity building. We anticipate that these measures could facilitate immediate actions to update the NBSAPs to align with the GBF at the highest level while remaining cost-effectiveness. • We proposed two key recommendations to assist parties in revising their national biodiversity strategies and action plans aligned with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). • The essential elements of the goals and targets of the GBF applicable to national circumstances should be equivalently translated into national policies and instruments. • When specific national circumstances do not match with those essential elements, parties need to maintain and reflect the ambition of the GBF in determining their national biodiversity targets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.012 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.017 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.022 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".