Examining interactions between chronic pain, positive mental health and coping on past-year suicidal ideation in a Canadian sample
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of the Canadian population and is related to increases in suicide-related outcomes. Protective factors for suicidal behaviours are understudied, yet they are an important area of research for promoting mental health and preventing suicide. This study examined the relationship between chronic pain and past-year suicidal ideation and the moderating roles of positive mental health and coping. Data were from the 2019/20 cycle of the Canadian Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional Canadian survey (n= 64,654). Chronic pain (yes/no), positive mental health (including self-rated mental health (low/high) and community belonging (low/high)), coping (low/high) and past-year suicidal ideation (yes/no) were measured using self-report survey questions. We used weighted logistic regression to assess relationships between chronic pain, self-rated mental health, community belonging, coping, and suicidal ideation adjusting for sociodemographic, mental health and substance use variables. Additive and multiplicative interactions were used to test moderation between chronic pain, positive mental health and coping on past-year suicidal ideation. Experiencing chronic pain was associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.32, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.85- 2.90). High positive mental health and coping were protective factors for suicidal ideation (aORs of 0.13, 0.57 and 0.24, respectively). Additive interactions showed that experiencing chronic pain, along with low positive mental health or coping was associated with a higher odds of suicidal ideation than the sum of the individual associations. There were no significant multiplicative interactions. This study shows that chronic pain is associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation, and the odds were even higher for those who also reported low positive mental health or coping. In addition to facilitating reductions in chronic pain, providing individuals experiencing chronic pain with mental health support and coping skills may protect against suicidal ideation. Highlights • Chronic pain is a risk factor for suicidal ideation. • Positive mental health (PMH) and coping are protective for suicidal ideation. • Links between chronic pain and suicidal ideation are similar for males and females. • PMH moderates the relationship between chronic pain and suicidal ideation. • Coping moderates the relationship between chronic pain and suicidal ideation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".