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Evoked category representations

2025· preprint· en· W4409693381 on OpenAlexaff
Chao Han, Arild Hestvik, William J. Idsardi

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typepreprint
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicLinguistics and Discourse Analysis
Canadian institutionsThe Scarborough HospitalUniversity of Toronto
FundersNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPsychologyMathematicsComputer scienceNatural language processing

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A critical part of the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) mechanism is the construction of a memory trace encoding regularities extracted from the stimuli in an oddball paradigm. In an influential study, Phillips et al. (2000) argued that varying phonetic standards within the limits of a phoneme category prompts the auditory cortex to access representations of the “discrete phonological categories” (p. 1050), resulting in a mismatch response by comparing the deviant stimulus to an abstract, evoked category representation. The present study tested the strongest interpretation of this claim–namely, that the phoneme itself is retrieved from long-term memory and serves as the memory trace for the stimulus sequence. This interpretation has been the implicit, if not explicit, basis for a body of research employing the varying-standards paradigm to probe phonological underspecification. However, while previous research has focused on contrasts between distinct phonemes, we examined a previously untested prediction of this interpretation: that varying the standards should eliminate the MMN when the contrast is within a single phoneme category. Contrary to this prediction, we observed a mismatch negativity to a within-category deviant even when standards were varied. In two additional experiments we further examined whether the within-category MMN is from long-term memory representations of phonetic realizations of the phoneme, or from listeners constructing ad hoc statistical representations of the stimulus distribution. The weight of the evidence suggests that the within-category MMN observed with varying standards reflects sensitivity to the statistical structure of the stimuli, rather than activation of abstract phonological categories.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.007
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.007
Threshold uncertainty score0.024

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.007
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0070.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.066
GPT teacher head0.328
Teacher spread0.262 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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