Durable ZrB<sub>2</sub>–ZrC Composite Materials as Advanced Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Boride and carbide-based materials attract increasing attention as promising options for energy storage applications. This research focuses on synthesizing pure boride and carbide compounds of zirconium (ZrB 2 and ZrC) and their composite powders using mechanical activation-assisted route and subsequent heating processes. The chemical and microstructural characterization results indicate that the synthesized composite powders are of high purity, possess submicron-scale particle sizes (below 400 nm), and exhibit a high surface area of up to 9.41 m 2 /g. Supercapacitor devices, using the resulting powders as symmetrical electrodes, exhibit high energy density values ranging from 5.8 to 8.8 Wh/kg. The ZrB 2 –15 wt % ZrC composite sample achieves the highest power density at 155 W/kg, compared to 118 W/kg for the pure ZrB 2 sample. Cycling tests demonstrate exceptional capacitance retention (99.4–99.9%) and cyclic stability, even after 5000 cycles, highlighting the high durability of the composite samples. These findings show that ZrB 2 –ZrC composites exhibit high energy and power density values and excellent cycling performance, making them strong candidates for use in high–performance supercapacitor devices.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".