Contrasting Impacts of Pre-harvest Field Sprouting on the Functionality of Bread Wheat and Durum Wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This study was conducted to examine the impacts of pre-harvest field sprouting (PHS) on wheat end-use functionality of bread wheat Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) and durum wheat Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD). PHS affected CWRS and CWAD differently in milling performance, dough rheological properties, and final product quality. With decreasing Falling Number (FN), key quality attributes of CWAD remained mostly unchanged but CWRS quality progressively decreased, especially when FN dropped below 200 s. Both CWRS and CWAD showed signs of in situ starch hydrolysis in field-sprouted kernels with more damage apparent in CWRS as greater maltose levels were found in flour than in semolina. Analysis of gluten fractions in flour or semolina indicated that protein composition was not affected by PHS. Unlike pasta-making, which involves low water-absorption, short mixing time, and high-temperature drying, the combination of high water absorption, lower temperature, and long fermentation times magnify the detrimental effects of excessive α-amylase on the bread-making performance of CWRS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".