Additive Engineering of Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites with MXene Nanoflakes: Toward Enhanced Photoresponsivity, Detectivity, and Stability
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (RPPs) have drawn a lot of attention due to their structural stability under ambient atmosphere compared to bulk counterparts. However, their relatively low photoresponsivity, due to quantum and dielectric confinement effects, is still a key challenge in the development of efficient photodetectors. Present work reports one-step additive engineering of the RPP ((CH) 2 (MA) n −1 Pb n Br 3 n +1, n = 4) absorber layer using Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanoflakes, which formed a robust heterointerface. Surface functional groups of MXene retard the crystallization rate of RPP thin films, thereby spurring the enhancement of the optical, structural, and morphological properties of RPP-MXene hybrids. Unencapsulated hybrid ( n = 4 + 1.5 mM) photodetectors have shown improved responsivity (∼151 A/W) and detectivity (∼14.21 × 10 12 Hz 1/2 /W) at 2.0 V bias under laser illumination (λ ex ∼ 405 nm, P in ∼ 0.62 mW/cm 2 ), outperforming pristine devices significantly. Over 50 cycles, hybrid devices maintained stable peak photocurrent, while photocurrent of pristine devices degraded by ∼35%, indicating a unique platform to explore a wide range of MXenes to overcome the stability issues associated with perovskites.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it