Is injury-related parental stress in the acute phase following early childhood concussion associated with symptoms and recovery?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between injury-related parental-stress during the acute phase following early-childhood concussion on post-concussion-symptoms (PCS) severity and recovery.Methods Thirty-eight children aged 0.1–5.7 years (median 1.3) following concussion, within 72-h post-injury, were included. Injury-related parental-stress was screened using three questions from the Revised-Illness-Perception questionnaire, regarding the child’s 1) well-being, 2) injury-outcomes, and 3) recovery. PCS were assessed using the Post-Concussion-Symptoms-Inventory-Parent form (PCSI-P). Since not all symptoms were suitable for all ages, individualized percentage scores for both the PCSI-P number-of-symptoms (number-PCSI-P) and PCSI-P symptom-severity (severity-PCSI-P) were calculated. Parents completed the stress questionnaire and PCSI-P in the emergency-department (T0), and two-weeks post-injury (T1). The PCSI-P was also completed 1-month post-injury (T2).Results Parental-stress did not change significantly between T0 and T1. However, the number and severity of PCSI-P significantly decreased over this period (p < 0.001). A significant moderate positive correlation was found between T0 and T1 parental-stress and T0 number-PCSI-P (rs = 0.39;p = 0.015 and rs = 0.49;p = 0.002, respectively) and severity-PCSI-P (rs = 0.42;p = 0.008 and rs = 0.58;p < 0.001, respectively). At T2, 26 children were fully recovered; they presented lower T0 PCSI-P scores (p < 0.049), but showed no difference in parental-stress scores.Conclusion Higher injury-related parental-stress following early childhood concussion is associated with PCS in the first 72-h post-injury, but not with symptom recovery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".